First off, learn how to draw, hold, sight, and release the bow. Many new folks pull and hold with their shoulder, not their back. Using the back muscles really helps steady your hold. Picture pinching your shoulder blades together. You can get an old crappy grip and a rubber stretchy exercise band to help learn w/o killing your arrows.
I started with a Mathews DXT with a 60 pound draw weight. It was perfect. Try out some bows. Find a local (even if you have to drive a bit) archery shop with a bow smith. Get them to help show you how to draw, hold, and shoot. This will save your forearm and help you learn good form. It is hard to "relearn" if you start off doing it wrong. Your draw length is another important factor. The show can measure your draw length and make sure your bow is setup for you. I would also recommend getting a release. Try out some various releases. I use a T handle now started with a wrist strap type.
At some point you should look at fletching your own arrows. This will shift into learning about arrow shaft spline, tip weight, nock type, fletching type, and fletching angles.
Don't let all this intimidate you. Once you understand the basics just get out and let 'er rip. It may sound funny but start at about 10 yards. You really need to work on form starting off. As mentioned before, spend some time on archery talk to learn.
A quick list of what you should look at starting off:
- bow with draw weight you are comfortable with a grip which fits your hand.
- arrow rest. I like the full capture rests.
- peep sight. I like the hooding ones with different size apertures.
- front sight. I use an adjustable 3 pin.
- release. Not required but very helpful. loop for the release
- arrows. a quiver is a good purchase as well. start with a dozen
- string lube
- target. Start with a cheap one. I like the spyderweb targets but start with a cheaper one. This is only if you will be shooting on your own. Be sure to know what is beyond your target and shoot safely! I have a swamp behind mine. No arrow recovery for baaaaad shots but safe.
Your local bow shop should be able to set all this up. Be sure to ask questions and learn everything you can about what they are doing and how they do it.